Dr. John's Health Matters
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Posts tagged "carb"
Wednesday, Sep 2nd, 2009 ↓High-Carb, High-Fat Diets Better for Cognitive Performance →
September 1, 2009 (Medscape.com) — Diets high in carbohydrates or fat can lead to significantly better cognitive-performance and inflight-testing scores in pilots than diets high in protein, according to results reported in a poster presentation at the Military Health Research Forum (MHRF) 2009 in Kansas City, Missouri.
In addition, a high-carbohydrate diet helped study pilots sleep better, and a high-fat diet appeared to lead to significantly faster short-term memory.
“We started out thinking that the high-protein diet would lead to being the sharpest afterward,” said colead investigator Glenda Lindseth, RN, PhD, licensed registered dietician and professor of nursing at the University of North Dakota (UND) in Grand Forks. “But we were surprised by our findings that it was actually the high-carb or high-fat diets that were the best. Eating a diet that’s high in protein just isn’t going to help you perform optimally.”
“As a retired air-force pilot and a pilot for over 30 years, I believe this type of study is definitely needed,” said the other colead author, Paul Lindseth, PhD, professor of aviation and associate dean at the UND Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences. “This is important for pilots in the military and in combat situations, where they need to be sharp and alert.”
For full medical article, see link above.
Tags: high carb carbohydrate fat protein macronutrient diet nutrition cognitive performance testing score sleep short term memory performance alertness
High Protein, Moderate Carb Diet More Effective in Maintaining Weight Loss →
Apr 24 09 (Medscape) — This randomized clinical trial show that weight maintenance during 12 weeks after a 5-week very-low-energy diet was better in participants eating a high-protein, moderate-carbohydrate diet, compared to a moderate-protein, high-carbohydrate diet. The type of protein (fast or slow absorption) did not have an effect on weight maintenance. The study extends the results, showing a beneficial effect of protein from the weight loss phase to the period after this phase.
Earlier studies have shown that high-protein diets may induce better weight reduction compared to high-carbohydrate diets. This effect has been linked to the satiety effects of protein and to the high metabolic cost of metabolizing protein. Moreover, preliminary studies have suggested that the type of protein (fast absorption, such as whey, vs. slow absorption, such as casein) could have an effect on satiety and perhaps on weight reduction. The diet composition (as % in energy intake) in the present study was as follows: high-protein, moderate-carbohydrate diet: protein 35%, carbohydrate 42%, fat 24%; moderate-protein, high-carbohydrate diet: protein 16%, carbohydrate 63%, fat 21%. Moreover, the high-protein participants were divided into casein-enriched and whey-enriched groups. The combined high-protein groups lost about 1kg during the 12-week intervention period, whereas the high-carbohydrate group gained an approximately equal amount. No time-by-treatment effect was observed when comparing the two protein groups. The focus on weight maintenance period after weight loss was the new aspect and strength in the present study. Moreover, the comparison of two different types of proteins was new and interesting, despite negative results. The short time frame was a limitation: future studies should use longer interventions and/or follow the participants for at least 1 year after the intervention. It would also be important to compare the long-term effects on weight maintenance of high-protein, moderate carbohydrate, low-fat diets with high-protein, high-fat, low-carbohydrate diets.
Faculty of 1000 Medicine Evaluations, Dissents and Author responses for: [Claessens M et al. The effect of a low-fat, high-protein or high-carbohydrate ad libitum diet on weight loss maintenance and metabolic risk factors. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009 Mar 33(3):296-304]. 2009 Apr 14 www.f1000medicine.com/article/id/1158795/evaluation
High Fat, Low Carb "Atkins" Diet Controls Blood Sugar Better for Obese Diabetics →
DURHAM, N.C., Jan. 6 09 (medscape) — In obese patients with type 2 diabetes, the ketogenic diet — which stresses high fat and low carbohydrate intake — outperformed its low-glycemic index rival, researchers found.
After six months, improvements in blood glucose control, as measured by hemoglobin A1c, were significantly greater with the ketogenic diet based on the Atkins Diabetes Revolution than with a low-glycemic index, reduced-calorie diet, (–1.5% versus –0.5%, P=0.03), Eric Westman, M.D., of Duke, and colleagues reported online in Nutrition & Metabolism.
For full medical article, see link above.
